Product Description
Gamma-aminobutyric acid, commonly known as GABA, with the chemical registry number CAS#56-12-2, is a crucial compound with significant importance in various biological processes and potential applications in different fields.
Chemical Structure and Properties
GABA is a non-protein amino acid that consists of a four-carbon chain with an amino group and a carboxyl group. Its chemical structure gives it unique properties that make it distinct from other amino acids.
In terms of physical properties, GABA is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water. It has a melting point of around 202-204 °C. GABA is relatively stable under normal conditions but can be degraded by certain enzymes and chemical reactions.
Sources and Biosynthesis
GABA is naturally produced in the human body and in many organisms. In the human brain, it is synthesized from glutamate by the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). Glutamate is a common neurotransmitter that is converted to GABA through this enzymatic reaction.
In addition to being produced in the body, GABA can also be found in certain foods. Foods rich in GABA include fermented products such as miso, soy sauce, and pickles. Some plants also contain small amounts of GABA.
Biological Activities
Neurotransmitter Function
One of the most important roles of GABA is as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. It acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, meaning that it reduces the activity of nerve cells. By inhibiting the transmission of nerve signals, GABA helps to regulate brain activity and maintain a balance between excitation and inhibition.
GABA is involved in various brain functions such as sleep, anxiety, stress response, and muscle relaxation. Deficiencies in GABA levels have been associated with several neurological disorders such as epilepsy, anxiety disorders, and insomnia.
Blood Pressure Regulation
GABA has been shown to have a blood pressure-lowering effect. It can dilate blood vessels and reduce peripheral resistance, leading to a decrease in blood pressure. This effect is thought to be mediated through the activation of GABA receptors in the blood vessels and the nervous system.
Consumption of foods rich in GABA or supplementation with GABA has been proposed as a potential strategy for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.
Stress Reduction
GABA can also help reduce stress and anxiety. By inhibiting the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is responsible for the stress response, GABA can help to lower cortisol levels and promote a sense of relaxation.
This stress-reducing effect of GABA has led to its use in dietary supplements and functional foods for stress management.
Antioxidant Activity
Some studies have suggested that GABA may have antioxidant properties. It can scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, which is beneficial for overall health and may help prevent various diseases.
However, more research is needed to fully understand the antioxidant mechanism of GABA and its potential applications in preventing oxidative damage.
Applications
Dietary Supplements
GABA is widely available as a dietary supplement. It is often marketed for its stress-reducing, sleep-promoting, and blood pressure-lowering effects. GABA supplements are typically sold in capsule, tablet, or powder form.
However, it is important to note that the efficacy and safety of GABA supplements may vary depending on the source, dosage, and individual differences. As with any supplement, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional before taking GABA supplements.
Functional Foods and Beverages
GABA can be added to functional foods and beverages to provide health benefits. For example, it can be incorporated into teas, juices, and snacks. These products are designed to help consumers manage stress, improve sleep, and maintain a healthy blood pressure.
The addition of GABA to functional foods and beverages is a growing trend in the food industry as consumers become more interested in natural and functional ingredients.
Pharmaceuticals
GABA is also being investigated for its potential use in pharmaceuticals. It may be developed as a drug for the treatment of neurological disorders such as epilepsy, anxiety disorders, and insomnia. Additionally, its blood pressure-lowering and antioxidant effects may make it a potential candidate for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and oxidative stress-related disorders.
However, more research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of GABA as a pharmaceutical agent.
Safety and Toxicity
In general, GABA is considered safe when consumed in appropriate amounts. However, high doses of GABA supplements may cause side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, and nausea. People with certain medical conditions such as liver disease or kidney disease may need to be cautious when taking GABA supplements.
As with any supplement or drug, it is important to follow the recommended dosage and consult a healthcare professional if you have any concerns or underlying medical conditions.
In conclusion, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a versatile compound with important biological activities and potential applications. Its role as a neurotransmitter, blood pressure regulator, stress reducer, and antioxidant makes it a valuable target for research and development in the fields of health and nutrition. Whether as a dietary supplement, functional food ingredient, or pharmaceutical agent, GABA holds promise for improving human health and well-being. However, further research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms of action and potential risks.
GABA Basic information
|
Product Name |
Gamma-Aminobutyric acid |
|
CAS |
56-12-2 |
|
MF |
C4H9NO2 |
|
MW |
103.12 |
|
EINECS |
200-258-6 |
4-Aminobutyric acid Chemical Properties
|
Melting point |
195°C (dec.) (lit.) |
|
Boiling point |
248.0±23.0°C (Predicted) |
|
Density |
1.2300 (estimate) |
|
Refractive index |
1.4650 (estimate) |
|
Solubility |
H2O: 1 M at 20°C, clear, colorless |
|
Form |
Powder |
|
Color |
White to almost white |
|
Odor |
At 1.00 % in propylene glycol. savory meaty |
|
Odor Type |
Meaty |
|
Water Solubility |
SOLUBLE |
If you are interested in our Gamma Aminobutyric Acid or have any questions, please feel free to contact us. We look forward to receiving your inquiry and establishing a long-term and stable cooperative relationship with you! Contact us: Email: sales@huarongpharma.com, WhatsApp: +86 13751168070
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