Product Description

Nattokinase, with the chemical registry number CAS#133876-92-3, is a potent enzyme that has gained significant attention in the field of health and wellness due to its remarkable properties and potential benefits.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Nattokinase is a serine protease enzyme, which means it belongs to a class of enzymes that cleave peptide bonds in proteins. It is produced by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis natto during the fermentation of soybeans to make natto, a traditional Japanese food.

The enzyme has a molecular weight of approximately 27,700 Daltons. It is stable at a wide range of temperatures and pH levels, making it suitable for various applications. Nattokinase is water-soluble and can be easily extracted from natto or produced through fermentation processes.

Sources and Production

As mentioned earlier, nattokinase is primarily obtained from natto. Natto is made by fermenting soybeans with Bacillus subtilis natto. During the fermentation process, the bacteria produce nattokinase, which accumulates in the natto.

In addition to natto, nattokinase can also be produced through fermentation using Bacillus subtilis natto or other related bacteria. This allows for large-scale production of the enzyme for use in dietary supplements and other products.

Biological Activities

Fibrinolytic Activity

One of the most well-known activities of nattokinase is its fibrinolytic activity. Fibrin is a protein that forms the basis of blood clots. Nattokinase can break down fibrin, thereby helping to dissolve blood clots and improve blood flow.

This fibrinolytic activity is similar to that of drugs such as tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), but nattokinase has several advantages. It is a natural product, has a longer half-life than tPA, and may have fewer side effects.

Blood Pressure-Lowering Activity

Some studies have suggested that nattokinase may have blood pressure-lowering effects. It is thought to do this by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which is involved in the regulation of blood pressure. By inhibiting ACE, nattokinase may help lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of hypertension and related complications.

Antithrombotic Activity

In addition to its fibrinolytic activity, nattokinase also has antithrombotic activity. It can prevent the formation of blood clots by inhibiting platelet aggregation and reducing blood viscosity. This can help reduce the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular events.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity

Nattokinase may also have anti-inflammatory activity. It can reduce the production of inflammatory cytokines and other mediators, which can help reduce inflammation in the body. This may be beneficial for people with inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease.

Applications

Dietary Supplements

Nattokinase is widely available as a dietary supplement. It is often sold in capsule or tablet form and is marketed for its potential health benefits, particularly in relation to cardiovascular health. People who are at risk of heart attacks, strokes, or other cardiovascular events may take nattokinase supplements to help prevent blood clots and improve blood flow.

Functional Foods

Nattokinase can also be added to functional foods, such as beverages, snacks, and cereals. These products can provide consumers with the benefits of nattokinase in a convenient and enjoyable way.

Pharmaceuticals

Although nattokinase is currently not approved as a drug in most countries, there is ongoing research into its potential pharmaceutical applications. It may be developed as a treatment for cardiovascular diseases, thrombosis, and other conditions.

Safety and Toxicity

Nattokinase is generally considered safe when taken in appropriate doses. However, as with any supplement or drug, there is a potential for side effects. Some people may experience allergic reactions, digestive issues, or bleeding disorders.

People who are taking blood-thinning medications or have bleeding disorders should consult their healthcare provider before taking nattokinase supplements. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should also avoid taking nattokinase due to a lack of safety data.

In conclusion, nattokinase is a powerful enzyme with a wide range of potential health benefits. Its fibrinolytic, antithrombotic, blood pressure-lowering, and anti-inflammatory activities make it a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and other conditions. However, more research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms of action, safety, and efficacy. As with any supplement or drug, it is important to consult a healthcare provider before taking nattokinase to ensure its appropriate use.