Milbemycin Oxime CAS#129496-10-2

Milbemycin oxime, with the chemical registry number CAS#129496-10-2, is a widely used antiparasitic agent that has proven to be highly effective in the treatment and prevention of various parasitic infections in animals.

Milbemycin oxime is a semisynthetic derivative of milbemycin, a naturally occurring compound produced by certain strains of Streptomyces bacteria. The chemical structure of milbemycin oxime consists of a complex macrocyclic lactone ring system with several functional groups.

In terms of physical properties, milbemycin oxime is a white to off-white crystalline powder. It is sparingly soluble in water but more soluble in organic solvents such as methanol and ethanol. The compound has a relatively high melting point and is stable under normal storage conditions.

Milbemycin oxime acts by interfering with the nervous system of parasites. It binds to specific receptors in the parasite's nerve cells, leading to an increase in the permeability of cell membranes to chloride ions. This results in hyperpolarization of the nerve cells and paralysis of the parasite.

The drug is effective against a wide range of internal and external parasites, including heartworms, roundworms, hookworms, and certain types of mites and ticks. It is particularly useful in the prevention and treatment of heartworm disease, a serious and potentially fatal condition in dogs and cats.

When administered orally, milbemycin oxime is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The drug is then distributed throughout the body, reaching high concentrations in tissues such as the liver, lungs, and kidneys. Milbemycin oxime has a long half-life, which allows for extended periods of activity and reduces the frequency of dosing.

The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted mainly in the feces. Some metabolites may also be excreted in the urine. The pharmacokinetics of milbemycin oxime can vary depending on factors such as the species of animal, age, weight, and health status.

Milbemycin oxime is generally considered safe and well-tolerated in animals. However, like any drug, it can cause side effects in some individuals. The most common side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, and lethargy. These side effects are usually mild and self-limiting.

In rare cases, more serious side effects such as allergic reactions, liver toxicity, or neurological disorders may occur. It is important to follow the recommended dosage and administration guidelines to minimize the risk of side effects. Animals with pre-existing liver or kidney disease may require special precautions and closer monitoring when taking milbemycin oxime.

Milbemycin oxime is available in various formulations, including tablets, chewable tablets, and topical solutions. The dosage and administration route depend on the species of animal, the type of parasitic infection being treated, and the weight of the animal.

For heartworm prevention, the drug is typically administered orally once a month. For the treatment of parasitic infections, the dosage and duration of treatment may vary depending on the severity of the infection. It is important to consult a veterinarian for accurate dosing instructions and to ensure the proper use of the drug.

Milbemycin oxime is a valuable antiparasitic agent that has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of parasitic infections in animals. Its effectiveness, safety, and ease of administration make it a popular choice among veterinarians and pet owners. With continued research and development, milbemycin oxime and other antiparasitic drugs will continue to improve the health and well-being of animals around the world.

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